Distilling apparatus.



No. 843,318. PATENTED FEB. 5, 1907.

H. ALABENDROTH. DISTILLING APPARATUS.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN.16, 1905.

a/aw {indicated at 2.)

.HERRMANN ARTHUR ABENDROTH, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

DISTILLING APPARATUS- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 5, 1907.

Application filed January 16. 1905. Serial No. 241,280.

My invention relates to an apparatus for obtaining ammonia from gas liquor.

The object of my invention is to provide an apparatus by which a continuous operation, as distinguished from an intermittent operation, is possible, while at the same time a great economy of heat, ofcooling-water, and 0 lime is attained.

With this general object in View an apparatus embodying my invention comprises the features details of construction, and combina-.

.tiion of parts, which will first be described in (connection with the accompanying drawings and then more particularly pointed out in the claims.

lln the drawings Figure 1 is a diagrammatic View of an apparatus embodying my invention, and Fig. 2 a sectional view of the wash-column.

Referriiig tn the drawings, 1 is a tank containing the gas liquor to be treated, from which tank the liquor flows to a wash-column 5, preferably passing through a suitable measuring apparatus 3 on its way to said 'ntash-coluimi, this measuring apparatus con sisting in the present instance of a tipping vewel connected to a counting mechanism,

From the measuring appairatus the gas liquor flows through a pipe 4 to {the wash-column, which has a construction sutch asis shown in section in Fig. 2.

The wash-column is connected to a decom position-column, to be more fully described ereinafter, by means of a pipe 27 through which it receives the carbonic acid and hydrogen sulfid, which escapes from the washcolumn through a conductor 6 and may be .ied off through-a chimney or conducted to a purifier; as indicated at 7. Any ammoniagas which may accompany the carbonic-acid and'hydrogen sulfid-gas from the dec0mposi-- tien-collumn is absorbed in the gas liquor, and thus netaiined by it.

From the. ash-column 5 the gas liquor passes through ,a conductor 8 into a forewarmer 9,'throug h whose tubes flows the exhausted gas liquor, leaving the distilling apparatus 12 by the pipe 19, in which forewarmer the incoming gas liquor-that is, the gas liquor from the wash-column 5 on its way to the distilling apparatus 12is raised to a tem erature of about to centigrade by the heat of the outflowing exhausted gas liquor. From here the gas liquor passes through the pipe 10 over to the decomposition-column 11, arranged over the distilling apparatus 12, in which decomposition-column the carbonic acid and the hydrogen sulfid are driven oif. The decompositioncolumn consists of a number of chambers located one above the other and separated from each other by partitions 13. Of each two adjacent chambers one, 14, is passed through by the gas liquor which is to be treated, While through the other chamber 15 passes the ammonia-gas driven off tromthe distilling apparatus. The chambers 14 of the de composition-column are connected in series by pipes 16, and the chambers 15 are also connected with each other in series by the pipes 17. 1

he gas li uor going into the decompositioncolumn 1 1 ows over the bottoms of the individual chambers 14 in unusually thin strata, thus rendering easier the evolution of the gas. These thin strata of gas liquor in the chambers 14 are heated to about to 96 cent'igrade by the heat of the ammonia-gas in the ,adjacent chambers 15, which ammonia-gas is continuousl driven ofi from the distilling apparatus elow and passes through the c ambers 15 on its way to the outletipe 22. In the decomposition column T16 gas liquor ives off its carbonic acid and hydrogen suliid, which escape through the pipe 27 to the wash-column 5.

From the decomposition column the asliquor, deprived of the carbonic acid and 1ydro en sulfid, goes through a seal-tube 18 to t e distilling apparatus 12, which is of the usual construction, and fronrwhich the ammonia-gas is distilled off in a known manner.

The exhausted gas liquor flows off from the bottom of the -distilling apparatus through the pipe 19, which conducts it to the forewarmer 9, from whence it escapes through a pipe 28. The pipe 31 serves for supplying milk of lime and the short ipe 32 for a testingcock, as is usual in such forms of apparatus.

The ammonia-gas, leaving the upper part of the decomposition-column 11 through the pipe 22, flows through the usual backflow cooler 21 of usual construction.

cooler or condenser and leaves this through the pipe 23, which leads it to a cell- The backflow--cooler 20 is PIOVlClGIi with an inlet-pipe 24 and an outlet-pi'ie for the circulation of cooling water through its water 1 jacket. Moreover, the lower part of the backflowcooler 20 is connected with the upper part of the distilling apparatus 12 by a seal-pipe .26, through which any products of condensation formed in the backfiow-cooler may return to the said distilling apparatus.

It will be noted that in my apparatus, while the still 12 is heated in the usual manner by steam admitted through the pipe 30, the temerature necessary for driving off the carhonic acid and hydrogen sullid is obtained not by the use of any oirect steam, but from two s ourcesviz., the waste heat of the-exhausted gas liquor and the waste heat of the outfiowing ammonia-gas. These two sources I of heat are practically constant during the usual operation of the apparatus.

The exhausted gas liquor leaves the still with a temperature substantially constant at 100 centigrade. Consequently, as there is a constant inlet of the gas liquor and a resulting constant outflow of the exhausted liquor the inflowing gas liquor is heated to a substantially uniform temperature in the forewarmer without the necessity of special temperatureregulating ap aratus or care in o erating this part of t e apparatus. Fur t ermore, the ammonia-gas driven oh" by the distilling apparatus escapes with a substantially uniform teni erature, as its boilingpoint is in the neig borhood of 100 centigrade. This escaping gas is suflicient to raise the already preheated incoming gas liquor to the temperature necessary to orive off the carbonic acid and hydrogen sulfid.

. As the distilling-column must be operated at a tempe ature of about 100 Centigrade in order to distil otl' tl1 e ammonia-gas and since any ordinary increase inthe heat applied to said still will not materially affect the temperature of the outfiowing exhausted gas llquor antl cannot increase the temperature of the escaping ammonia-gas, 'it is impossible in the present apparatus to overheat the incoming gas liquor. Consequently the tem- Y peratureof the decomposition-column is always suflicient to drive off the carbonic acid and the hydrogen sulfid, and yet cannot rise to a point where it will also drive 05" any appreciable amount of ammonia-gas. M oreover, it is also impossible for the temperature of the incoming gas liquor ,to fall below the temperature necessary to drive off the carbonic acid and hydrogen sulfid so long as the distilling apparatus is operating properly to drive off the ammonia-gas. been found in practice by the normal operation of the distilling apparatus a temperature of the inflowing gas liquor is obtained which Hence as hasvaries onlywithin exceedingly narrow limitsviz., 2 centigrade. As a result the gas liquor enters the distilling apparatus at a temperature close to 100 centigradeviz., about 96 cent-.gradeand it follows that a m.nimum amount of fuel is required to maintain the distilling apparatus in uniform operation. Also since the escaping ammonia-gas has a large part of its heat abstracted by the incoming gas liquor said ammonia-gas can be cooled to the desired temperature in the backfiow-cooler and in the cell-cooler with less cooling-water than has heretofore been necessary. Another important advantage is that as practically all the carbonic acid and hydrogen sulfid are removed from the gas liquor prior to its entrance into the distilling apparatus by waste heat the lime employee is necessary only for releasing the bound am monia, and consequently a considerable saving in lime results.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the-United States, is

, 1. The combination, with a distilling a paratus, of a forewarmer arranged to cated by the outflowing exhausted liquor from the distilling apparatus,a decomposition-column arranged to be heated by the gas escaping from the distilling apparatus, and means for conducting the material to be distilled through the forewarmer, then through the decomposition-chamber out of contact with the escaping gas and then to the distilling apparatus.

2. The combination, with a distilling apparatus, and a decomposition-columnlocated above the distilling apparatus and arran ed to be heated by the gas escaping from the 'stilling apparatus, of a forewarmer, connectipns between the forewarmer and the dis tilling apparatus whereby the exhausted liquor from the' distilling apparatus flows through and heats the forewarmer and means for leading the incoming material to be treated through the forewarmer, then through the decomposition-column out of contact with the escaping gas and then into the distilling apparatus.

3. The combmation, with a distilling appa'ratus, and a decom osition-column located above. the distil mg apparatus and traversed by the gas liquor and arranged to be heated by the gas escaping from the dis tilling apparatus without admixture of the gas and gas liquor, of a forewarmer, connections between the forewarmer and the distilling apparatus whereby the exhausted liquor from the distilling apparatus flows through and heats the forewarmer, and

means for leading oif gases driven off from the gas liquor in the decomposition-column.

.4. The combination, with a distilling apparatus, and a decompositioncolumn located above the distilling apparatus and traversed by the gas liquor and arranged to aratus, of a wash-column traversed by the 20 be heated by the gas escaping from the disresh gas liquor, a forewarmer, connections tilling apparatus without admixture of the between the forewarmer and the distilling gas and gas liquor, of a fo'rewarmer, connections between the forewarmer and the dis from the distilling apparatus flows through t-illing apparatus whereby the exhausted liquor from the distilling apparatus flows through and heats the forewarmer, means for leading off gases driven off from the gas liquor in the decornposition-colunm, means I l l for cooling the ammonisrgas, and connections between the decomposition-column and said cooling means whereby the ammonia gas, after heating the dccomposition-column is led to the said cooling means.

5. The combination with a distilling apparatus, and a decomposition-column arranged to be traversed andheated by .the ammonia-gas escaping from the distilling apapparatus whereby the exhausted liquor and heats the forewarmer, means for leading off to the wash-column the gases driven oil from the gas liquor in the decompositioncolumn, and means for leading the gas liquor through the wash-column, the forewarmer, the decolnposition-column, and then into the distilling apparatus.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

HERRMANN ARTHUR ABENDROTH.

Witnesses HENRY HASPER, WoLnEMAa HAUPT. 

